Summary and comments .

Chapter 5: Leadership and Worker Participation

The 5th chapter is the pillar for the success of an OH&S MS. Along with this chapter is the need to appoint a safety representative in operation. The representative should be from the Top Management. She or he will have a special duty to make them, the top management, data driven and liable for the place of work.They should keep a healthy and safe site for company workers. Maintaining a safety management system makes the top management involved. Their engagement is good for developing, leading and promoting culture for OH&S. Toxic culture and bad leadership sometimes are noted as hazards found in the latter part of the standard. 

Top management also has to make sure that there is consultation and participation with workers.This can be made through establishing a committee. The top management should create policies. The action will include the well-being of works to maintain and implement health and safety. These policies are sourced from OHSAS 18001. It includes commitment to consultation and participation of workers. OHSAS 18001 enhanced the consultation and aid of workers. These were limited to participation in hazard recognition and consultation on shifts. In ISO 45001, consultation is seen with seeking views before decision-making. It is linked with a two-way approach. A two-way approach is a form of communication where the giver of info gets response in return. Participation is also covered with decision making. It includes non-managerial workers.

The organization should provide the solution for differences, time, training and means. This allows a proper consultation and participation of workers. The organization removes obstacles or barriers like languages, difficulty with learning new things , and fear of redressing damages. There is employee action in management. In fact, leadership encourages both workers and owners. To sum up, top management must set up, carry out, and keep up an OH&S policy. The policy should include a pledge. It is for persistent growth of the OH&S system.

Top management must set up, carry out, and keep up an OH&S policy. The policy should include a commitment. It is for continual improvement of the OH&S system. It should include a need for consultation. Help from workers, and where they exist are present. The OH&S policy could be a set of precepts. It is a state as commitments within which top management outlines. The direction of the entity is to support and improve its OH&S job. The OH&S policy gives an overall sense of direction. It is similar to the framework of a business. They use it to line their objective. It takes action to realize the result of the system.

Chapter 6 Planning

Planning is split in an unusual way when aligned to the HLS structure. In OHSAS 18001, there are still elements that can be traced to ISO 45001. Examples of these are hazard identification and assessment. It also includes control, legal needs and meeting the context. Yet, HLS’ requirements of risk and opportunities are not the same. These became a challenge for the committee that created the latter standard.

There are 2 factors of risk and opportunities. This is to follow HLS and the aim of the management system. The first element is assessing OH&S risks to the MS. In this, risk is being the ‘traditional’ likelihood x severity, the status of being serious. Risks are those that are old-related to business risk. Examples of risks are peaks in workflow which is the order of events in a work. Moreover, examples also include structuring and external issues. The second element is assessing opportunities to the OH&S MS. These are the events that lead to the rise of OH&S output. 

Planning includes adapting to work for workers. This lessens hazards and finds more positive potentials. One example of this is applying ISO 45001. Before planning change, there is identifying risks and opportunities. This increases the emphasis on finding hazards. These hazards include mental ill-health. It responds to workloads, amount of work in a setting,  and bullying which refers to all abuses in a work setting,  that impacts how workers think. Often, the way of leading and culture of an entity are the source of hazard. This requires monitoring. It happens in the life cycle of the workplace and facility. It is also conscious of equipment, processes and activities. In the standard, the principle of horizon scanning is also introduced. It has taken into account new knowledge and info of hazards.  

Chapter 7: Support

In this chapter, the given rule is for an entity in managing OH&S MS. It provides the needed resources to establish, install, maintain and improve the system. Human resources are also covered by the provisions. It scopes the natural resources and buildings of an entity. Simply saying, this a powerful tool that covers all OH&S needs.

The element of this chapter is very similar to OHSAS 18001. It is competitive enough. One thing different is how communication is split.  The factors are awareness, internal and external. In ISO 45001, it uses the term ‘documented information’ rather than records. It does not use the term documents as well. This reflects the modern uses of words. It is similar to modern terms such as cloud based etc. Over reliance on the method of the documenting led to this change. It created needless paper trails that did not really improve OH&S MS.

Chapter  8 Operation

The enhancement of this chapter is from OHSAS 18001. It introduces new sub-chapters on procurement which refers to the process of obtaining a thing, and lastly change. The chapter uses a specific rule. The chapter removes the option of using hierarchy of controls. One of its strengths is when explicit recognition is based on finding hazard and risk.

Change is seen to provide major risks or opportunities. ISO 45001 acknowledges this hence they dedicate the chapter as management of change. An entity thus needs to plan to install change. The plan includes reducing risks and OH&S hazards. It covers identifying potentials to improve OH&S output. Change will be possible with these factors.

Subchapter on procurement,  gives recognition that risks are better managed when they are ‘taken into account’. The process is the first stage in managing change. Based on experience managing risk on its operations are costly. It also has limited effect on the scope in a system. That is why taking risks into account is a big deal to OH&S MS.

With ISO 45001, organizations have to build procurement processes to conform to OH&S MS. It includes defining OH&S terms in selecting contractors. Procurement activities should always be coordinated with contractors.

Chapter 8 abides in the fitting control and emergency preparedness. This chapter is more specific about outsourcing, to obtain something from the outside,and annex, the act of adding something, management. It is not passing on to contractors. So, effective usage of control is a critical factor. It is critical to any health & safety management system. Paying close attention to this chapter will prove to be of benefit to most works.

Control is gained in learning its OH&S hazards. It is necessary to manage the risks related to its activities. These adjustments are even applicable to health and safety legal requirements. Hence, the group can plan, start, and control its working processes. This chapter deals with execution of the goals. And processes are the topic of earlier chapters. Working, planning, and controls should be established. These fulfill the necessities of the OH&S management system. It controls to cut back OH&S risks to levels as low as practical. To sum up, controls can use a range of methods.

Chapter 9 Performance Evaluation

Similar details are enclosed, a part of , in OHSAS 18001 and ISO 45001. Yet, the difference lies in its keyword.In OHSAS 18001, it was held to be a procedure but in ISO 45001, it is a process. This happens to be one of the basic changes between OHSAS 18001 and ISO 45001. The introduction of the word “Process,” indicates a reflection of the alignment, the status of being in line, to the HLS. It also reflects that an effective OH65 MS can be improved upon. A process can be likened to a cycle and should reflect a PDCA (plan, do check, act) cycle. It should not be static. In other words, ISO 45002 involves processes for consultation, planning and hazard identification. It covers risk assessment and work control as well. It is urgent for management reviews to consider risk, chances and trends. These are present in aspects such as consultation and participation of workers. These are to ensure effective practice and results. It is a rule of friendship responsibility.

Chapter 10 Improvement

The chapters in ISO 45001 stipulate that the standard is correlated with the preventive measures found in OHSAS 18001. This is because the focus of 1SO 45001 is entirely on prevention. Entrenched in this chapter are requirements. These rules aim to eliminate the root cause(s) of several incidents and non-conformities. These directly or indirectly reflect the overall goal of the standards which is aimed at preventing injury and ill health as well as providing safe working environments. In conclusion, the standard lays emphasis on the fact that effective OHGS management is dynamic and should continually be improved upon by a supportive proactive culture.

There are no preventive action requirements during this chapter. This is due to the new structure and risk focus of the quality. The org should react to breaches. They should solve incidents. They take action to regulate and correct them. It deals with them after they come. There they cut their source to prevent the same events. The primary is to react to incidents or breaches. Take action on time. Regulate and proper these and cater to the results.

Part of improvement includes corrective action. Answers can arise from the fact that the system must check the necessity for corrective action. It is to drop the basis of excuse for the event. So as that it doesn’t recur or occur in another place. It should be with the help of workers. Other suited keen parties involve. It needs control. This suggests considering the immediate causes. It also addresses underlying or root causes. Corrective action suits to deal with these causes.

The concept of preventive action has evolved. It requires the needs to contemplate potential breaches. This is the second action, to work out whether breaches exist. It leads to corrective actions. This is done across the full work if necessary.